News Item

Definition of News Item

News item is a text which informs readers about events of the day. The events are considered newsworthy or important.

It means if there is an important event that should be known by many people, then this event deserves news. Well, the news text is called the news item text. However, if there are events that people do not deserve, then they are not definitely worth to be news.

Generic Structure of News Item

# Main Events / Newsworthy event(s): it recounts the event in summary form.
# Elaboration / Background event(s): they elaborate what happened, to whom, in what circumstance
# Resource of Information (Source) : it contains comments by participants in, witnesses to and authorities expert on the event

Purpose of News Item

News Item Text is used to inform readers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important.
Or
– To inform the readers about newsworthy or important events of the day
– To present information the readers about newsworthy or important events of the day

Language Feature of News Item

– Focusing on circumstances (using a simple language in writing the text)
– Using saying verbs: “….”, She said, informed, told, reported.
– Sometimes at the beginning of news, the scene is mentioned : Jakarta – … .. / Kuala Lumpur – …
– Using Past tense in explaining news events. But if it is a fact that until now still happen or still in the form of fact, then can use simple present tense.
– Short, telegraphic information about story captured in headline
– Using adverbs: time, place and manner.
– Uses of material processes to retell the event

Example of News Item:

BAGHDAD (Reuters) – Six U.S. soldiers were killed by a blast north of Baghdad on Monday, the U.S. military said on Tuesday, in one of the single deadliest ground attacks against American forces in Iraq in months.

Three other soldiers were wounded after an explosion went off near their vehicles in the province of Salahaddin, the military said in a statement, without giving details. Salahaddin is a Sunni Arab insurgent stronghold. More than 3,170 U.S. soldiers have died in Iraq since the U.S.-led invasion in March 2003.

Iraqi and U.S. forces are in the third week of a security crackdown in Baghdad aimed at stemming sectarian violencE. U.S. military commanders have expressed concerns that insurgents could step up attacks outside Baghdad.

40.The text talks about ….
A. six U.S. soldiers killed by a blast
B. attacking against the soldier
C. a blast north of Baghdad
D. a Sunni Arab insurgent
E. the U.S. military

41.Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the text?
A. Insurgents could increase attacks outside Baghdad.
B. Three soldiers were wounded after an explosion went off.
C. The U.S invasion has caused more than 3,170 of its soldiers died.
D. Six, US, soldiers died due to a blast north of Baghdad on Monday.
E. Iraqi and U.S. forces are in the second week of a security crackdown in Baghdad.

42.Iraqi and U.S. forces are in the third week of a security crackdown in Baghdad aimed at stemming sectarian violencE.(Paragraph3). The crackdown word means….
A. line
B. guard
C. attack
D. clean-up
E. protection

Report Text

Definition of Report text
“Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result of systematic observation and analyses.” (Report adalah sebuah teks yang menghadirkan informasi tentang suatu hal secara apa adanya. Teks ini adalah sebagai hasil dari observasi dan analisa secara sistematis.)

Generic Structure of Report text
# General Clasification ; Stating classification of general aspect of thing; animal, public place, plant, etc which will be discussed in general (Menyatakan klasifikasi aspek umum hal; hewan, tempat umum, tanaman, dll yang akan dibahas secara umum).
# Description : tells what the phenomenon under discussion ; in terms of parts, qualities, habits or behaviors. (Pada bagian ini biasanya memberikan gambaran fenomena-fenomena yang terjadi; baik bagian-bagiannya, sifat-sifatnya, kebiasaannya, ataupun tingkah lakunya. Intinya adalah penjabaran dari klasifikasi yang disajikan dengan ilmiah.)

Purpose of Report text 
Its social purpose is presenting information about something. They generally describe an entire class of things, whether natural or made: mammals, the planets, rocks, plants, countries of region, culture, transportation, and so on.

The Characteristics / Language Feature of Report text:
– Use of general nouns, eg hunting dogs, rather than particular nouns, eg our dog;
– Use of relating verbs to describe features, eg Molecules are tiny particles;
– Some use of action verbs when describing behaviour, eg Emus cannot fly;
– Use of timeless present tense to indicate usualness, eg Tropical cyclones always begin over the sea;
– Use of technical terms, eg Isobars are lines drawn on a weather map;
– Use of paragraphs with topic sentences to organise bundles of information; repeated naming of the topic as the beginning focus of the clause.

Example of Report Text:

Blueberries, cranberries, and huckleberries and related plants have been found to contain resveratrol, a potential anti-cancer agent, according to Agricultural Research Service (ARS) scientists who made the discovery. This new fi nding from ARS adds to previous research by other scientist who found that darkskinned bunch grapes contain resveratrol.

Using chemical identifi cation procedures, the team of scientists measured the resveratrol content of 30 whole fruit samples of blueberry, cranberry, huckleberry and related plants. The samples represented five families and 10 species of Vaccinium fruit. They also measured resveratrol in skin, juice/pulp and seed samples of muscadine grape. Because of its important biological properties, resveratrol has been examined extensively in grapes. Studies showed the compound protects the grapes from fungal diseases. It also provides health benefi ts for consumers by reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. The compound’s anticancer potential warranted is examination in other fruits.

The team’s studies showed that several fruits samples of Vaccinium contain varying amounts of the compound. Analysis of the extracts of the skin, juice/pulp and seed of muscadine grapes showed that concertration of resveratrol more Vaccinium and muscadine sample is continuing. The new data could help build a foundation for increasing resveratrol in those berry and grapes crops that are important to many small farmers. Future research goals will include enhancing production of resveratrol in selected species.

1. From the text, we know that resveratrol .…

A. Is anticancer agent and benefit for reducing heart disease

B. Examines grapes and measures of fruits as sample disease

C. Shows the protection for increasing health in selected fruits

D. Reduces minerals and vitamins in some fruits

E. Protects any fruits from fungal diseases

 

2. Resveratrol has been tested in grapes because of ….

    A. Its advantages by extracting health substances
    B. Its disadvantages as anticancer substances
    C. Its important biological substances
    D. Its risk at cardiovascular diseases
    E. Its relationship to the fruit

 

3. Paragraph 3 talks about ...

A. Fruit skin is highly concentrated for resveratrol
B. Grapes are fruits for biological experiments
C. The beneficial of resveratrol reduce the risk of heart attack
D. Resveratrol is represented by species of vaccinium fruit
 E. Fruit skin gives measurements for resveratrol